What is API 600 Standard?

API Standard 600, from the American Petroleum Institute, describes the criteria for valve design/construction and the material/trim designations for steel gate valves. The most recent version of this standard was published in January 2015, effective as of July 15, 2015.

Scope of API 600

API 600 covers bolted bonnet steel gate valves for the petroleum and natural gas industries, specifically where “corrosion, erosion, and other service conditions indicate a need for full port openings, heavy wall sections, and extra large stem diameters.”

Design Specifications of API 600

API 600 specifies design criteria related to the following:

• Body wall thickness
• Bonnet wall thickness
• Body dimensions
• Flanged ends
• Butt-welding ends
• Body seats
• Openings
• Bonnet dimensions
• Bonnet-to-body joints
• Gate
• Yoke
• Stem and stem nut
• Packing and packing box
• Bolting
• Auxiliary connections

What is Valve Trim?

The trim, particularly the mating elements that regulate the stream to the controller’s demands, is at the heart of the control valve. Each process is distinct in its own right, necessitating particular flow control features. Valve trim includes the stem, plug, disc, seating surface, etc. It’s also the plug and seat arrangement’s actual shape. The flow properties of the valve are determined by the shape of the valve plug.

Valve Trim Parts

The valve-specific trim includes the back seat, glands, spacers, guides, bushings, retention pins, and internal springs.

Disc

A disc is the initial valve trim component. The disc is the component that, depending on its position, enables, throttles, or stops the fluid flow. The name of the valve often originates from the type of disc. Examples include gate, ball, plug, and needle valves, which have discs that are the same shape as the name.

A valve disc can be forged, cast, or manufactured. The sealing face of the valve disc is occasionally hardened to improve wear resistance. The disc required a smooth machine surface to reduce friction with a seat; the valve disc is a pressure-maintenance component.

In the closed position, a disc rests against the stationary valve seat. The stem may move via manual or automated actuation.

Seat

The seat provides the disc with a place to set and seal against. A valve may have more than one seat. There is only one seat on a globe valve and a swing-check valve. A gate valve and a ball valve, on the other hand, have two seats, one upstream and the other downstream.

The efficiency of the seal between the valve disc and seat is directly proportional to the seat leakage rate. Valve seats can be permanent or removable rings. Seats on valves are often screwed, welded, or integrally cast or forged, and are toughened through heat treatment or hard facing.

For optimal sealing, the seating area must have a fine surface polish. For non-critical applications, non-metallic seats were utilized in some ball valves and plug valves. Valve manufacturers produce numerous styles of combination valve seats that combine elastomer and metal seats to attain the requisite leak tightness that metal seats alone cannot achieve.

Back Seat

The back seat comprises a shoulder on the stem and a mating surface on the underside of the bonnet. When the stem is entirely open, it forms a seal. It inhibits media leakage into the packing chamber and into the environment. Note: For safety reasons, it is NEVER recommended to change the packing while the valve is under pressure.

Stem

The stem links the handwheel/actuator and the disc. The valve disc moves and positions from the stem movement. The valve stem delivers the required motion to the disc, plug, or ball for the valve’s opening, closing, or setting. The stem connects the valve’s actuator, handwheel, or lever at one end to the disc at the other.

The linear motion of the disc opens or closes the valve in gate and globe valves, whereas the disc rotates to open or close the valve in the plug, ball, and butterfly valves. Stems are typically stainless steel and typically attach to the disc via connections or other mechanical means.

API 600 Valve Trim Number Chart & Service Suitability

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What is API 600 Standard?

API 600 covers bolted bonnet steel gate valves for the petroleum and natural gas industries, specifically where “corrosion, erosion, and other service conditions indicate a need for full port openings, heavy wall sections, and extra large stem diameters.”

API 600 specifies the requirements for a heavy-duty series of bolted bonnet steel gate valves for petroleum refinery and related applications where corrosion, erosion, and other service conditions would indicate a need for full port openings, and heavy wall sections, and large stem diameters.

API 600 sets forth the requirements for the following gate valve features:
— bolted bonnet;
— outside screw and yoke;
— rising stems;
— non-rising handwheels;
— single or double gate;
— wedge or parallel seating;
— metallic seating surfaces;
— fanged or butt-welding ends.

It covers valves of the nominal pipe sizes DN: — 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 80, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, 1050;

corresponding to nominal pipe sizes NPS: — 1, 1-1 /4 , 1-1 /2 , 2, 2-1 /2 , 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42; and applies to pressure class designations: — 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, 2500.

What is an API 600 Gate Valve?

API 600 gate valve is an on-and-off type of gate valve used. This valve is used for opening and closing the flow of fluid in a pipeline. API gate valve is a bidirectional flow valve. This means that the flow of fluid through the valve can take place in either direction. API gate valve manufacturers design the valve such that one end can act as the inlet enabling the fluid to enter in any direction. An API 600 gate valve is characterized by a large diameter size (between 2 and 80 inches), a cast steel body, heavy wall thickness, and a flat sealing surface between the gate and the seat. API 600 gate valves are mostly used in the petroleum and gas industry, especially in applications where the minimum pressure drop is desired for smooth operation. This kind of valve is not used for the regulation of flow rate. The term “API 600” represents an American standard for the design of gate valves meant for petroleum industry applications. This standard specifies the design criteria for cast steel (carbon and alloy steel) gate valves and also dictates the geometry and sizes of the gate valve in terms of body and bonnet thicknesses, dimensions, joint, yoke, bolting, and auxiliary connections.

Materials of API 600 Gate Valve

• Body: ASTM A216 WCB
• Trim: 8#
• Stem: ASTM A182 F6A 
• Wedge: WCB + 13Cr 
• Body Seat: A105 + Stellite
• Stem Packing: Graphite
• Bonnet Gasket: SS 304 + Graphite

API 600 Trim Chart

Features of API 600 Gate Valve

• Universal trim: 13Cr stem, wedge in CA 15 or 13Cr faced, and CoCr alloy faced seat API Trim 8 suitable for applications up to 850°F (454°C).
• Seat faces CoCr alloy hardfaced, ground, and lapped to a mirror finish.
• Flexible wedge with low center stem-wedge contact, in solid CA15 (13Cr) or hardfaced with 13Cr, SS 316, Monel, or CoCr alloy. Wedge is ground and lapped to a mirror finish and tightly guided to prevent dragging and seat damage.
  • A CoCr alloy hardfaced CF8M wedge is also available.
• Non-rotating stem with precision Acme threads and burnished finish. Double Acme for faster operation.
• Body and bonnet joint accurately machined.
• Body and bonnet castings are precision machined.
  • One-piece bonnet for better alignment and fewer parts for Class 150 up to NPS 16 (DN 400).
• Flanges:
  • ASME Classes: 150–300: 1⁄16” raised face
  • ASME Classes: 600–1500: ¼” raised face
  • Finish: 125–250 AARH for all valves.
• Rotating stem nut is Austenitic ductile iron Gr. D-2C renewable in line (as shown).
• When the handwheel is used, thrust bearings are supplied as follows:
  • ASME Classes 150–300: NPS 10–12 (DN 250–300), 1 bearing (top)
  • NPS 14 (DN 350) and up, two bearings
  • ASME Classes 600–1500: NPS 6 (DN 150) and up.

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The post API 600 Gate Valve – API 600 Valve Trim Chart appeared first on ZECO Valve.

What is Valve Trim?

The trim, particularly the mating elements that regulate the stream to the controller’s demands, is at the heart of the control valve. Each process is distinct in its own right, necessitating particular flow control features. Valve trim includes the stem, plug, disc, seating surface, etc. It’s also the plug and seat arrangement’s actual shape.

Valve Trim Parts

• DISC
  • The disc is a part of the valve which allows, throttles, or stops flow depending on its position it is a pressure-retaining part of the valve. Types of disc present on the valve define the name of the valve. over plug or ball valve the disc is called a plug or ball. A disc will be seated against the stationary valve seat or seats when the valve is in the closed position, during the closed position the disc performs a pressure-retaining function whereas during the valve open position the disc doesn’t perform the pressure-retaining function. It can be moved away from valve seats by the motion of the valve stem, except in the check and safety relief valves the disc is moved away from its seats by fluid flow and pressure. A valve disc is usually cast, forged, or fabricated.
• SEAT
  • A valve seat is one of the non-pressure retaining parts of the valve. Valves will be having maybe one or more than one seat, as in the cases of globe or swing check valve, there will be one seat forming a seal with the disc to stop the flow. Whereas for the gate valve there will be two seating surfaces that will come in contact with the seats. Likewise, plug and ball valves, depending upon the number of ports will have several seats. Valve seats can be integral, renewable, or replaceable rings. Small valves are provided with screwed-in, swaged-in, or welded valve seats, and in big valves, they may have any of the seats used in small valves and they will have integrally cast or forged seats along the valve body.
• Back Seat
  • The back seat comprises a shoulder on the stem and a mating surface on the underside of the bonnet. When the stem is entirely open, it forms a seal. It inhibits media leakage into the packing chamber and into the environment. Note: For safety reasons, it is NEVER recommended to change the packing while the valve is under pressure.
• STEM
  • The stem connects the actuator, valve handwheel, and the disc, plug, or ball. Required for the opening and closing of the valve motion. Thus, the motion of the stem opening and closing of the valve took place. In a gate or globe valve linear motion of the disc is needed to open or close the valve. Whereas in the plug, ball, and butterfly valve the valve disc is rotated to open or close the valve. Stop check valves and check valves do not have any stem.

API600 Valve Trim chart

The API600 trim chart specifications are designed for API600 gate valves. For API603 gate valves as well as globe valves and check valves, the same trim numbers are more loosely applied (Trim Chart not referenced in latest API603 Standard). Obviously, in regard to globe and check valve, the hardness differentials shown on the disc and seat are specified for gate valves subject to more wear, gauling, sticking etc., and not as relevant. Also, globe and check valves are often specified to BS (now ISO) specifications. API 623 for globe valves and API594 for swing check valves is now used in lieu of obsolete BS 1868 and BS 1873

Importance of Valve Trim design

The trim plays an important role in the characteristics of the valve. It determines the flow rate and the isolations of the valves. The shapes of the valve trim determine the flow characteristics of the valve. A valve trim’s characteristic is related to the percentage of flow and the valve stem travel between 0% and 100%.

Trim materials sometimes are the same material as the valve body or bonnet and sometimes they differ. As per the different properties, required for the components to withstand particular forces and conditions. so that they are constructed of assorted materials. when suitable trim materials are selected, the Flow-medium properties like chemical composition of the fluid, pressure, temperature, flow rate, velocity, and viscosity of the fluids are considered.

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